Lumbar Herniated Disc
A herniated disc occurs when the soft, gel-like center of a spinal disc pushes through a tear or weakness in the outer layer. This can irritate or compress nearby nerves, leading to pain, tingling, numbness, or weakness in the lower back, buttocks, or legs. When the sciatic nerve is affected, the condition is often referred to as sciatica.
Common Symptoms
- Lower back pain that may radiate down one leg
- Numbness, tingling, or weakness in the leg or foot
- Pain that worsens with bending, lifting, sitting, or twisting
- Difficulty performing daily activities due to discomfort
Why It Happens
Herniated discs can develop from age-related wear and tear, injury, overuse, or sudden stress on the spine. The outer layer of the disc may tear or weaken, allowing the inner material to press on spinal nerves.
Diagnosis
- Medical History Review – Discussing symptom patterns, duration, and impact on daily activities.
- Physical Exam – Testing muscle strength, reflexes, and range of motion.
- Imaging Tests – MRI or CT scans are used to confirm disc herniation and identify which nerves are affected.
How We Treat It
Treatment focuses on relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and restoring function.
Treatment options may include:
- Physical therapy to strengthen the back and improve flexibility
- Anti-inflammatory medications to reduce pain and swelling
- Medications for nerve pain
- Epidural steroid injections to calm irritated nerves
- Activity modification and personalized home exercise programs