Spinal Cord Stimulation

Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a treatment for chronic back or leg pain when other options haven’t helped. It involves placing a small device near the spine that sends gentle electrical pulses to interrupt pain signals before they reach the brain. While it doesn’t cure pain, many patients experience a 50% or greater reduction.

Before committing to the procedure, patients try a temporary external version of the device to see how well it works for them.

Who’s a Candidate?

SCS is usually recommended for people who:

  • Haven’t found relief through other treatments
  • Aren’t likely to benefit from surgery
  • Have completed a successful trial with the external device
  • Have no drug dependency
  • Have undergone a psychological evaluation

How the Procedure Works

The procedure has two parts:

  1. Placing the electrodes: A small incision is made in the back to place wires near the spinal cord.
  2. Implanting the pulse generator: A second incision is made (usually in the buttock or abdomen) to place a battery-powered device under the skin, which connects to the electrodes.

The procedure takes 1–2 hours, and most people go home the same day.

Recovery and Risks

Recovery usually takes 6–8 weeks. During this time, patients should avoid heavy lifting, bending, or twisting. Pain from the procedure is typically managed with medication.

Like any surgery, there are risks, including infection, bleeding, or spinal fluid leakage. Device-specific issues may include:

  • Shifting or damage to the wires
  • Uncomfortable stimulation
  • Device malfunction
  • Allergic reaction
  • In some cases, further surgery may be needed to adjust or replace the device.